Apple Confirms Unencrypted Kernel in iOS 10 Beta is Intentional

Yesterday it was discovered that iOS 10 does not feature an encrypted kernel, allowing users and researchers access to the core of the operating system and its inner workings. It was unclear at the time whether the lack of encryption was an accident or intentional, but today Apple confirmed to TechCrunch that the company did not encrypt the kernel for a reason.

ios10

“The kernel cache doesn’t contain any user info, and by unencrypting it we’re able to optimize the operating system’s performance without compromising security,” an Apple spokesperson told TechCrunch.

The kernel, which dictates how software can use hardware and keeps the device secure, is unencrypted so that developers and researchers can "poke around" and find potential security flaws. Because the kernel is easier to access and flaws may be easier to find, Apple can more easily and more quickly patch potential issues.

The move is a shift for Apple, who had encrypted the kernel in past versions of iOS, leaving developers and researchers out of the loop on the inner workings of the operating system. As noted by security expert Jonathan Zdziarski, it's likely that Apple has made this shift to prevent groups from "hoarding" vulnerabilities in Apple's software, like the vulnerability used by the FBI to break into the iPhone 5c of the San Bernardino shooter.

Related Forum: iOS 10

Popular Stories

maxresdefault

Everything Apple Announced at WWDC 2025 in 10 Minutes

Monday June 9, 2025 5:21 pm PDT by
At today's WWDC 2025 keynote event, Apple unveiled a new design that will inform the next decade of iOS, iPadOS, and macOS development, so needless to say, it was a busy day. Apple also unveiled a ton of new features for the iPhone, an overhauled Spotlight interface for the Mac, and a ton of updates that make the iPad more like a Mac than ever before. Subscribe to the MacRumors YouTube channel ...
iPadOS 26 Apple Newsroom

Apple Says iPadOS 26 is Compatible With These iPad Models

Monday June 9, 2025 11:22 am PDT by
Apple today announced that iPadOS 26 will be compatible with the iPad models listed below. iPadOS 26 features a new Liquid Glass design, a menu bar, improved app windowing, and more. iPadOS 26 supports the following iPad models:iPad Pro (M4) iPad Pro 12.9-inch (3rd generation and later) iPad Pro 11-inch (1st generation and later) iPad Air (M2 and later) iPad Air (3rd generation and...
apple beta 26 lineup

Apple 'Sherlocked' These Apps at WWDC 2025

Wednesday June 11, 2025 7:14 am PDT by
Apple at WWDC previewed a bunch of new features coming in its updated operating systems, but certain changes will have been met with dismay by third-party developers who already offer apps with equivalent or similar features. In other words, their product has been "sherlocked" by Apple. When Apple creates an app or a feature that has functionality found in a third-party app, it is referred...
iPhone Car Key WWDC 2025

Apple Says These 13 Vehicle Brands Will Soon Offer iPhone Car Keys

Monday June 9, 2025 2:38 pm PDT by
In 2020, Apple added a digital car key feature to its Wallet app, allowing users to lock, unlock, and start a compatible vehicle with an iPhone or Apple Watch. The feature is currently offered by select automakers, including Audi, BMW, Hyundai, Kia, Genesis, Mercedes-Benz, Volvo, and a handful of others, and it is set to expand further. During its WWDC 2025 keynote today, Apple said that 13...
iOS 26 on Three iPhones

iOS 26 Includes These 100 New Features and Changes for Your iPhone

Tuesday June 10, 2025 11:59 am PDT by
Apple has announced iOS 26, and the upcoming software update includes a long list of new features and changes for iPhones. The first iOS 26 developer beta is now available, and a public beta will follow next month. The update will be released later this year. iOS 26 is compatible with the iPhone 11 and newer. Below, we have provided a high-level overview of 100 new features and changes ...
iOS 26 on Three iPhones

Hate iOS 26's Liquid Glass Design? Here's How to Tone It Down

Wednesday June 11, 2025 4:22 pm PDT by
iOS 26 features a whole new design material that Apple calls Liquid Glass, with a focus on transparency that lets the content on your display shine through the controls. If you're not a fan of the look, or are having trouble with readability, there is a step that you can take to make things more opaque without entirely losing out on the new look. Apple has multiple Accessibility options that ...
iphone 16 pro models 1

17 Reasons to Wait for the iPhone 17

Thursday June 12, 2025 8:58 am PDT by
Apple's iPhone development roadmap runs several years into the future and the company is continually working with suppliers on several successive iPhone models simultaneously, which is why we often get rumored features months ahead of launch. The iPhone 17 series is no different, and we already have a good idea of what to expect from Apple's 2025 smartphone lineup. If you skipped the iPhone...
iOS 26 Screens

Here Are All the iOS 26 Features That Require iPhone 15 Pro or Newer

Thursday June 12, 2025 4:53 am PDT by
With iOS 26, Apple has introduced some major changes to the iPhone experience, headlined by the new Liquid Glass redesign that's available across all compatible devices. However, several of the update's features are exclusive to iPhone 15 Pro and iPhone 16 models, since they rely on Apple Intelligence. The following features are powered by on-device large language models and machine...

Top Rated Comments

Quu Avatar
117 months ago
I'd just like to point something out. Apple does not offer a bug bounty program. That is to say there is no bounty to be awarded if you report a bug to them no matter how serious it is.

By contrast Microsoft offers $100,000 for a unique kernel level exploit, $15,000 for a Edge browser exploit and $100,000 for a unique solution to a presented exploit that they have yet to come up with / implement.

So if you were to find an Edge browser exploit in Windows 10 and another exploit that allowed you to jump the sandbox and gain root access to the operating system and then figured out a solution to stop the attack that is safe and implementable you could earn yourself $215,000.

Find the same in iOS, macOS, watchOS or tvOS and earn $0. It's about time Apple got serious and offered their own bug bounty program. It's the most meaningful way to get serious vulnerabilities reported.

And remember the FBI and NSA are paying upwards of $1 Million dollars (as shown in congress reports) for root level attacks on iOS, macOS and Windows. That is the competition. If you're a security researcher who're you gonna tell? Apple and earn nothing or the NSA/FBI and change your entire life?
Score: 57 Votes (Like | Disagree)
6836838 Avatar
117 months ago
I see. So open-source now equals openly exposing vulnerabilities for the collective good so a select user group can not exponentially exploit said vulnerability.

Yeah, didn't work too well for Android, though.
You're very confused. Please research the difference between binaries and source code.
Score: 27 Votes (Like | Disagree)
RichTeer Avatar
117 months ago
I see. So open-source now equals openly exposing vulnerabilities for the collective good so a select user group can not exponentially exploit said vulnerability.
Umm, unencrypted binary != open source...
Score: 26 Votes (Like | Disagree)
C DM Avatar
117 months ago
I see. So open-source now equals openly exposing vulnerabilities for the collective good so a select user group can not exponentially exploit said vulnerability.

Yeah, didn't work too well for Android, though.
Where does open-source come from? :confused:
Score: 21 Votes (Like | Disagree)
doelcm82 Avatar
117 months ago
In Apple marketing terms, this is called innovation.
Apple marketing is not calling this anything.

You are calling it innovation, and then snickering at the "Apple marketing" in your mind for calling it innovation.

Well done.
Score: 9 Votes (Like | Disagree)
Nothlit Avatar
117 months ago
So has anyone in the tech press asked them why only the 64-bit kernelcache was left unencrypted while the 32-bit kernelcache remains encrypted? What about the update and restore ramdisks, which also remain encrypted? The rest of the boot chain? Why not let us peek at those, too?

Apple PR's statement that "[t]he kernel cache doesn't contain any user info" is ridiculously obvious to anyone with technical knowledge in this area. That statement is clearly only intended to placate the non-technical masses who might hear "Apple" and "unencrypted" in the same sentence and get worried about the privacy battle.

Secondly, what sort of performance improvement can this possibly make? Even assuming the kernelcache has to be decrypted once per boot, that must take what, a couple hundred milliseconds for the hardware-accelerated AES engine to do its thing?

I am really baffled by Apple's response. If it was indeed intentional, it must have been for reasons other than what they are saying.
Score: 8 Votes (Like | Disagree)